在经学与诗学之间:身份认同维度下郑珍诗风研究

Between Confucianism and Poetics:A Study of Zheng Zhen’s Poetic Style from the Perspective of Identity Recognition

经学自汉代成为显学以来一直是古典学术研究的主体和核心,近代虽受科举制度消亡等因素的影响而走向衰落,但它对传统儒士文人的浸染却是异常深远的,尤其对兼具经师身份的文学家,这种影响更是不能忽略。作为经师大家,晚清宋诗派代表诗人郑珍便在诗人与经师的双重身份上,实现了经诗融合与诗风展现。治学何为?在郑珍那里,作为一种光耀门楣的文化符号,科举已然不能实现他对理想信念的执着追求,诗歌于是成为寄托情感的形式。虽然郑珍诗歌既呈古朴之奥,又兼平易之风,但他却不是一个游戏文字的诗人,诗歌仅是他学力的展现,而经世情怀才是他诗歌创作所要传递的真正语义。在郑珍看来,经、诗互融已成为布衣阶层价值突破的关捩。至此,我们已然感受到源自中国文化内部并逐渐成长起来的现代性:作为身处社会没落时期的布衣代表,郑珍凸显其经学内核的古奥诗风或平易诗风,彰显了一位平民儒士对于社会革新的深深思索,这兴许才是郑珍诗风研究所包蕴的意义。

Since Confucianism became a prominent learning in the Han Dynasty,it has been the core of classical Chinese studies.Although it came to decline due to the abolition of imperial examination system in modern times,its influence on the Chinese Confucian scholars was extremely profound,and can never be neglected especially for the litterateurs with the status of Confucian masters.As a master of Confucian studies,Zheng Zhen is also a representative poet of the Song Poetry School in the late Qing Dynasty,who realizes the integration of Confucian classics and poems and the demonstration of poetic styles with his dual identity of poet and Confucian master.As for what scholarship is for,Zheng Zhen places his emotion on the poetry since the imperial examination,as a cultural symbol of the glorious family,failed to accomplish his persistent pursuit of ideals in his opinion.Although Zheng Zhen’s poets are both profound and simple,he is not a poet who purely plays words.Poetry is only the display of his academic ability,and the real meaning that his poems intend to convey is the feelings of caring about society.In Zheng Zhen’s view,the integration of Confucianism and poetry had become the key to the value breakthrough of the commoner class.At this point,it can be sensed that the modernity originating from the inner Chinese culture has gradually grown up.As a representative of the commoner in the period of social decline,Zheng Zhen highlights the ancient or plain style of the poems with the core of his Confucianism,and demonstrates the thorough reflection of a commoner Confucian for social innovation.All these may be the significance of research into Zheng Zhen’s poetic styles.