家庭资源、社会资源与农户外出务工行为——基于湖北农村的调查数据

Family Resources,Social Resources and Farmers'Migratory Working Behavior:Evidences from Hubei Province

【目的】逐步优化农村劳动力转移行为甚至创造有利条件吸引青壮年劳动力回流是实施乡村振兴战略的重要途径。而进一步厘清影响农户外出务工行为的关键性因素是实现这一目标的基本前提。【方法】基于湖北农村地区的微观调研数据,在完成理论分析与变量设置的基础上,利用二元Logistics模型探讨了家庭资源、社会资源对农户外出务工行为的影响。【结果】家庭资源和社会资源均对农户外出务工行为产生了重要影响,具体表现在,劳动力数量多、资产水平高、借贷能力强的农户选择外出务工的可能性更大;拥有企业老板、事业单位员工以及多类非农职业并存亲朋的农户相比一般农户选择外出务工的概率更高。控制变量中,性别、专业技能、健康状况对农户外出务工行为均表现出显著的正效应,而年龄则呈现出明显的负向影响。【结论】政府相关部门应因势利导,既要保证农村剩余劳动力的合理流动,也亟须建立农村开放的发展制度环境吸纳城市资源要素,以此为契机打造平台引导农村劳动力回流。

【Objective】To gradually optimize the transfer of rural labor force and even create favorable conditions to attract young and middle-aged labor force to return is an important way to implement the rural revitalization strategy.To further clarify the key factors that affect farmers'behavior of migrant work ers is the basic premise to achieve this goal.【Method】Based on the micro-survey data in rural areas of Hubei Province,and on the basis of theoretical analysis and variable setting,the binary Logistics model was applied to explore the influences of family resources and social resources on the farmers'migratory working behavior.【Result】Both family resources and social resources have important impacts on farmers'migratory working behavior.Specifically,farmers with large labor force,high asset level and strong borrowing ability are more likely to choose migratory working;Farmers who have relatives or friends of business owners,employees of public institutions,and coexist in various non-agricultural occupations have higher probability of choosing to work outside than ordinary farmers.Among the control variables,gender,professional skills,and health statushave significant positive effects on farmers' behavior of being migrant workers,while age has significant negative effects.【Conclusion】Relevant government departments should make use of the situation to ensure the reasonable flow of rural surplus labor force,and it is also urgent to establish an open development system environment in rural areas to absorb urban resources,so as to build a platform to guide the return of rural labor force.