企业间控制机制、知识转移效果与新产品开发速度关系研究

Relationships between Inter-firms Control Mechanisms,Knowledge Transfer Effectiveness and NPD Speed

基于组织控制理论与知识基础观,探讨了知识转移效果在企业对合作伙伴采用的两种控制机制和新产品开发速度间的中介作用,以及环境动态性的调节作用。利用257份有效问卷数据对研究假设进行验证,研究结果表明:企业对合作伙伴采取的契约控制与信任控制均对企业知识转移效果有正向影响;知识转移效果对新产品开发速度有正向影响,并在两种控制机制与新产品开发速度间起到完全中介作用。环境动态性正向调节契约控制与知识转移效果间关系,但负向调节信任控制与知识转移效果间关系。

In today’s rapidly changing business environment,enterprises are leading new competitors to the market through a high degree of new product development speed(NPD Speed),so as to obtain a first-mover advantage for enterprises in market competition.However,many companies in emerging economies like China have difficulty relying on their own power to ensure the success of NPD activities.At this time,most enterprises choose to obtain relevant resources from collaboration relationships to ensure their successful NPD activities.While,this study found that there are two research gaps in the field of control mechanisms and the NPD Speed:(1)Whether the control mechanism adopted between enterprises and partners has an influence on firm’s NPD Speed?If so,which kind of control mechanism could promote NPD Speed?(2)Is there any mediating role between the control mechanism between enterprises and NPD Speed?Built on the organization control theory and knowledge-based view,this study proposes a research framework to investigate the mediating role of knowledge transfer effectiveness(KTE)between the control mechanisms and NPD Speed.Besides,this study examines the moderating role of environmental dynamism(ED)between control mechanisms and KTE.Through filed research on different manufacturing and high-tech enterprises in Shaanxi,Jiangsu,Henan,Hebei,and Fujian province in China,this study obtained 257 valid data from 525 questionnaires.Using mature scales from existing studies,and using data analysis methods such as reliability and validity test,common method tests,multiple regression analysis and intermediary test,this study tested all hypotheses raised before.The research results show that:(1)both contract control and trust control have a positive effect on KTE;(2)the KTE has a positive effect on NPD Speed,and the complete mediating role of KTE between two control mechanisms and NPD Speed has been confirmed;(3)the ED plays different moderating role between two control mechanisms and KTE.ED strengthens the positive relationship between contract control and KTE.Conversely,ED weakens the positive relationship between trust control and KTE.This study has the following contributions:First,this study has important theoretical contributions to organizational control theory.Based on the knowledge-based view,this paper constructs a mediating model of KTE to promote NPD Speed through inter-firm contract control and trust control.Then this study empirically tests the complete intermediary mechanism of KTE,which provides a new perspective for the follow-up research on organizational control mechanism.Second,the conclusion of this study enriches the related research of knowledge transfer literature.As an important measurement dimension of knowledge transfer performance,this paper selects KTE as the mediating variable,and discusses the complete mediating role of KTE between the two control mechanisms and the NPD Speed.This study measures KTE from two aspects,meaningfulness and usefulness.Thirdly,this study verified the external validity of existing theories by introducing ED as moderating variables.This study verified the influence of technological change and customer preference on the effects of contract control and trust control on KTE,and then confirmed the scientifically of introducing ED as context variable in previous studies.