后现代性语境中《五号屠场》的时间性与伦理关怀

Time and Ethical Concern of Slaughterhouse-Five In Postmodern Context

《五号屠场》是第一部令冯内古特广受好评的小说。虽然这是一部反战小说,但冯内古特并没有把战争描述成地狱,而是将其描绘成非理性和荒谬的状态。冯内古特创造性地引入科幻小说中的时间旅行因素来为小说提供新的叙事模式。当把时间置于共时的思考空间中,将时间空间化,在迷宫式的时间结构中疏散随意地自由徜徉,雕刻着重大文化历史意义的事件被并置拼接呈现,投射出美国社会在集权思维统摄下表面上物质极大富足,实则混乱、挫败衰退的精神状态,整部小说在行文中也始终渗透出一种末世情怀与伦理关怀。

Slaughterhouse Five is the first novel to make Vonnegut critically acclaimed.Although this is an anti-war novel,Vonnegut does not describe war as hell,but as a state of irrationality and absurdity.Vonnegut creatively introduces the factor of time travel in science fiction novels to provide new narrative mode.When time is placed in synchronic thinking space,and when time is spatialized,moving back and forth in such a labyrinth of time structure,numerous events of great cultural and historical significance are shown in series,which presents the spiritual outlook of the American society under the totalitarian idea:rich in material on the surface,but in fact spiritually chaotic,frustrating and declining,making the whole work always reveal an eschatological feeling and ethical concern between the lines.