星间激光干涉测量技术

Inter-satellite laser interferometry

近年来迅速发展的空间引力波探测、卫星重力测量、深空探测等空间任务需求,对超远距离、超高精度星间激光干涉测量技术提出了极具挑战性的技术要求。在典型的空间引力波探测中,要求在百万千米(10^(9)m)距离上达到皮米(10^(-12)m)量级的激光干涉测量精度。本文根据空间任务中对星间激光干涉测量的需求,介绍了星间激光干涉测量系统的总体构成,并讨论了测量系统中的各项关键技术:空间应用型激光器技术、超稳光学平台、稳频技术、精密相位测量与超低功率弱光锁相技术、星间激光快速捕获、跟踪与超精密光束指向测控技术等,以及目前的技术发展现状。星间激光干涉测量技术能力的提高,将能够满足更广泛的空间任务需求并大幅推进空间任务的进一步发展。

In recent years,a large number of space missions such as space gravitational wave detection,satellite gravity measurement,deep space exploration and other space missions have put forward extremely challenging technical requirements for ultra-long distance and ultra-high precision inter satellite laser interferometry technology.For example,in typical space gravitational wave detection,it is required to reach the accuracy of Pico-meter(10^(-12) m)at a distance of one million kilometers(10^(9) m).According to the typical requirements of intersatellite laser interferometry in space missions,this paper introduces the overall structure of intersatellite laser interferometry system,discusses and discusses the key technologies in the measurement system,such as space applied laser technology,frequency stabilization technology,precise phase measurement and ultra-low power weak light phase locking technology,fast acquisition,tracking and ultra-precision beam pointing of inter satellite laser Measurement and control technology,as well as the current technology development status.The improvement of intersatellite laser interferometry technology will be able to meet the needs of a wider range of space missions and greatly promote the further development of space missions.