空间引力波探测望远镜系统技术初步分析

Preliminary analysis of space gravitational wave detection telescope system technology

为探测到0.1 mHz~1 Hz频段的引力波,天琴、LISA、太极等空间引力波探测器编队(或星座)需在几十万到几百万公里量级的臂长上,实现pm级精度的测量。因此直接作为星间干涉测量光路一部分的望远镜面临巨大的技术挑战。空间引力波探测望远镜有超高精度和超高稳定性的特点。本文以LISA引力波探测器望远镜为研究对象,根据星间激光干涉测量核心指标10 pm/Hz^(1/2)@0.1 mHz~1 Hz的要求和引力波探测的实际需求,分析了望远镜的光学设计方案。在设计基础上,就材料选择、光学加工、装调及杂散光抑制等方面进行了分析和探讨,为后续望远镜的研制提供了参考依据。

In order to realize the detection of gravitational waves in the frequency range of 0.1 mHz~1 Hz,the formations(or constellations)of space gravitational wave detectors such as Tianqin,LISA,and Taiji needs to achieve picometer-level measurement accuracy on the order of hundreds of thousands or even millions of kilometers.Therefore,telescopes directly used as part of the inter-satellite interferometry optical path are facing huge technical challenges.Space gravitational wave detection telescope has the characteristics of ultra-high precision and ultra-high stability.This article takes the LISA gravitational wave detector telescope as the research object,and analyzes the optical design scheme of the telescope according to the requirements of 10 pm/Hz^(1/2) core index of inter-satellite laser interferometry and the actual demand of gravitational wave detection.And based on the design,analysis and discussion on material selection,optical processing,adjustment and stray light suppression are carried out,which provides a reference for the subsequent development of the telescope.