免疫检查点抑制剂对耐药结直肠癌的研究现状

Current status of immune checkpoint inhibitors in drug-resistant colorectal cancer

错配修复缺陷(dMMR)/微卫星高频不稳定(MSI-H)结直肠癌因其致癌机制引起程序性细胞死亡蛋白1(PD-1)/程序性细胞死亡配体1(PD-L1)上调,对5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)等为基础的化疗方案产生肿瘤免疫性抵抗,出现耐药性。本文从以下几方面进行综述:dMMR/MSI-H结直肠癌耐药的特点和PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在肿瘤中的生物学功能以及关于PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂单一治疗、联合其他治疗等治疗方法在耐药dMMR/MSI-H CRC治疗中的研究进展,为以后相关的临床研究提供新的想法。

Mismatch repair defects(dMMR)/microsatellite high-frequency instability(MSI-H)in colorectal cancer cause upregulation of programmed cell death 1(PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)due to its carcinogenic mechanism,resulting in tumor-immune resistance and drug resistance to 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu)and other chemotherapy regimens.This paper summarized the following aspects:the characteristics of drug resistance of dMMR/MSI-H colorectal cancer,the biological function of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in tumors,and the research progress of single therapy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and other treatment methods in the treatment of drug-resistant dMMR/MSI-H CRC,so as to provide new ideas for related clinical studies in the future.