从主体到因素的医患关系研究及身体隐喻

Research on the Doctor-patient Relationship from Subject to Factor and Body Metaphor

医患关系是社会关系的缩影,现代社会关系的问题及趋势影响着现代医患关系的构建。通过梳理中西方医患关系研究发现,中国医患关系研究从借鉴西方社会医学“主体研究模式”转向更为广阔、复杂的中国式“因素研究”。认识中国现代医患矛盾发生的根本问题,既要从中国独特历史、制度政策、关系文化、社会信任以及时空因素、利益诉求、认知能力等宏观微观因素中找出原因,还应在预测、回应未来医学技术化、媒介化、商业化和法制化趋势中,捕捉医患矛盾现象与“身体隐喻”之间的内生关系。要在历史、现实和“涉身”趋势中缓解医患矛盾,首先,用政策手段让医疗资源下沉,并引导媒体舆论;其次,医方转变医疗思维,患方提升就医认知水平;最后,在打造智能就医新场景同时,以法治规范医患行为,以伦理温暖医患关系。

The doctor-patient relationship is the epitome of social relationship.The problems and trends of modern social relations affect the construction of modern doctor-patient relationship.Through combing the research on the doctor-patient relationship between China and the West,it is found that the research on the doctor-patient relationship in China has shifted from referring to the“main body research model”of western medicine to a broader and more complex“factor research”of Chinese style.To understand the fundamental problems of modern doctor-patient conflicts in China,it requires not only to find out the reasons from our country’s unique history,system policies,relationship culture,social trust,time and space factors,interest demands,cognitive ability and other macro and micro factors,but also predict and respond to the future trends of medical technology,media,commercialization and legalization,and capture the endogenous relationship between doctor-patient conflicts and“body metaphor”.To alleviate the doctor-patient conflicts in the trends of history,reality,and“involvement”,firstly,policies should be used to sink medical resources and lead the media public opinion of doctors and patients;secondly,doctors should change their medical thinking,and patients should improve their awareness of medical treatment;finally,while creating a new scene of intelligent medical treatment,the doctor-patient behavior should be regulated by law and doctor-patient relationship should be warmed by ethics.