新冠肺炎疫情下护理管理者焦虑症状调查及应对研究

Investigation and Response of Anxiety Symptoms of Nursing Managers under the COVID-19

为了评价新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下护理管理者焦虑水平及应对策略,将护理管理者压力调整到最佳状态,从而提高工作效率,为实现疫情状态下管理效能的提升和采取相应护理管理措施提供依据。于2020年2月2日在新冠肺炎疫情暴发流行的上升阶段,通过网络邀请全国各省、自治区和直辖市的402名来自不同级别、性质的医院护理管理者应用自行设计的一般资料量表及焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)进行问卷调查,并与我国常模比较,分析影响因素。问卷填写有效应答率为99.50%(402/404)。单因素分析显示,不同年龄、不同护理管理岗位的护理管理者焦虑评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。焦虑评分为(39.79±7.36)分,高于我国常模水平,差异有统计学意义(t=23.367,P<0.001)。多元线性回归模型具有统计学意义F(7,400)=4.01(P=0.0003,P<0.05)。纳入模型的自变量中年龄和对新冠肺炎的态度得分对焦虑水平的影响有统计学意义,(P<0.05)。新冠肺炎疫情下护理管理者的工作性质和职业角色决定其管理压力的程度,其管理压力中焦虑症状尤为突出,建议疫情期间加强护理管理者的心理疏导和应对方式,缓解压力,并采用有效引导机制,使护理管理者保持正性态度和行为。

To evaluate the anxiety level and coping strategies of nursing managers under the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic situation in China,adjust the pressure of nursing managers to the optimal state,so as to improve work efficiency,and provide basis for improving management efficiency and adoption of corresponding nursing management measures under the epidemic situation.On February 2,2020,during the rising stage of the outbreak and prevalence of COVID-19,402 nursing managers from hospitals of different levels and natures in provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities were invited through the network to conduct a questionnaire survey with self-designed general scale and self-rating anxiety Scale(SAS),and compared with the China's norms to analyze the influencing factors.The effective response rate of the questionnaire is 99.50%(402/404).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in anxiety scores among nursing managers of different ages and different nursing management positions(P<0.05).The anxiety score was(39.79±7.36),which was higher than that of the norm in China,and the difference was statistically significant(t=23.367,P<0.001).The multiple linear regression model had statistical significance F(7,400)=4.01(P<0.05).In the independent variables included in the model,age and attitude score to COVID-19 had statistically significant impact on anxiety levels.Under the COVID-19 epidemic situation,the work nature and professional role of nursing managers determine the degree of their management stress,and the symptoms of anxiety in their management stress are particularly prominent.It is suggested that nursing managers should strengthen their psychological dredge and coping style to relieve pressure,and adopt an effective guidance mechanism to make nursing managers maintain a positive attitude and behavior under the epidemic situation.