西太平洋海面风场数据集的建立及其应用

Establishment and Application of Sea Surface Wind Data Set in the Western Pacific Ocean

再分析风场数据至今已发展了约30年,目前人们使用区域乃至全球网格化再分析数据集愈加频繁,但风场再分析数据在强天气过程中的强度明显不足,将风场再分析数据同台风观测数据相融合是解决问题的重要途径,本文通过“构建经验台风圆形风场-叠加台风移行风场-流入角修正-叠加背景再分析风场”的基本思路,融合了西太平洋联合警报中心的所有台风观测数据,形成了一套1981—2016年再分析和台风观测相结合的风场数据集。本文选取近十年在中国南海登陆的6例台风,通过与气象观测站数据对比,发现这六例台风相较于再分析数据都有10%以上的误差减小,本工作对于东中国海及南海等台风多发区域风能资源评估的整体提升可达4%,单点风能平均提高55 W/m^2。最后,通过海洋动力数值试验验证高风速下的水位模拟误差可以减少至工程标准的10%以内。综上,本文认为合成风场有助于海洋灾害和风能资源的评估和研究。

Reanalysis wind field data has been developed for about 30 years.At present,people use regional and even global gridded reanalysis data sets more and more frequently,but the wind field intensity of reanalysis data is obviously insufficient in the strong weather process.The integration of reanalysis data and the observation is an important way to solve the problem.This paper adopts the method“building an empirical typhoon circular wind field-superposing typhoon migration-field-inflow angle correction-superposing reanalysis of background wind field”,which combines all typhoon observation data from the Western Pacific Joint Warning Center,forming a set of wind field data set containing the reanalysis and the observation from 1981 to 2016.In this paper,six typhoons are selected landing the South China Sea in the past ten years.By comparing with the meteorological station observation,it is found that the errors of these six typhoons are reduced by more than 10%.The overall assessment of wind energy resources in typhoon-prone areas such as the East China Sea and the South China Sea can be improved by 4%,and the average wind energy increasement of single point is 55 W/m^2.Finally,the dynamic numerical simulation error of water level under high wind speed can be reduced to less than 10%under the engineering standard.In conclusion,this paper considers that synthetic wind field is helpful to the assessment and research of marine disasters and wind energy resources.