绢蒿荒漠粪甲虫对牛粪、马粪分解及粪下土壤养分的影响

Effects of Dung Beetles on Characteristics of Nutrient Changes in Cattle and Horse Feces and Soil in Seirphidium Semidesert

采用野外实验和室内实验相结合的方法,研究绢蒿荒漠草地中粪甲虫的介导对牛粪和马粪的分解状况及其对粪便下方土壤养分的影响。结果表明,有粪甲虫活动的粪便随着分解时间的延长酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、全碳、全氮和全磷降解率逐渐升高。有粪甲虫活动的粪便养分降解率均高于无粪甲虫活动的粪便,牛粪分解末期较无粪甲虫参与的自然分解ADF、NDF、全碳、全氮、全磷降解率分别提高17.54%、13.41%、20.91%、5.3%、10.66%;马粪分解末期较无粪甲虫参与的自然分解ADF、NDF、全碳、全氮降解率分别提高28.66%、63.34%、17.67%、9.89%;有粪甲虫活动的粪便下土壤养分均高于无粪甲虫活动的土壤养分,与无粪甲虫参与的粪便自然分解相比,牛粪粪甲虫分解末期土壤全碳、全氮、全磷分别提高9.02g/kg、0.16g/kg、0.27g/kg,马粪粪甲虫分解末期分别提高3.05g/kg、0.03g/kg、0.12g/kg。牛粪、马粪和土壤全氮、全碳、全磷变化呈负相关关系,和pH变化呈正相关关系。粪甲虫的活动能加速粪便分解,同时提高粪便下方土壤养分。

Effects of dung beetles on dung decomposition and changes in soil nutrients of Seirphidium semidesert grassland were explored using field investigation and laboratory analysis.The results showed that the degradation rate of acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),and total carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in dung was gradually increased with increasing of dung beetle actions.The degradation rate of fecal nutrients was higher under the action of dung beetles than that of feces without dung beetle.Compared with the natural decomposition,dung beetle actions related degradation rate of ADF,NDF,total carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus of cattle manure(or horse manure)was increased by 17.54%(28.66%),13.41%(63.34%),20.91%(17.67%),5.3%(9.89%)and 10.66%,respectively,at the late decomposition stage.Moreover,dung beetle actions related degradation rate of total carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus of soil under cattle manure(or horse manure)was increased by 9.02g/kg(3.05g/kg),0.16g/kg(0.03g/kg),and 0.27g/kg(0.12g/kg),respectively,at the late decomposition stage.Changes of total nitrogen,total carbon,and total phosphorus of feces and soil were negatively correlated,while pH value was positively correlated.The action of dung beetles can accelerate the decomposition of feces and increase nutrients content in the soil.