2005-2019年西藏波密县结核病流行特征分析

Analysis on the Epidemic Characteristics of Tuberculosis Bomi County from 2005 to 2019

目的分析西藏波密地区结核病流行特征,为西藏地区结核病疫情防控提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,系统收集波密县2005~2019年间传染病报告信息管理系统中结核病病例个案信息,描述结核病发病时间、空间和人群分布特征,采用集中度法和圆形分布法探索结核病季节性分布特征。结果2005~2019年间,西藏波密县共报告结核病病例833例,其中涂阳患者251(30.13%)例,非涂阳患者582(69.87%)例,年平均发病率194.94/10万,男性397例,女性436例,男女比1:1.098,报告病例数排在前三位的乡镇分别为扎木镇(201例)、倾多镇(147例)和玉许乡(95例),分别占总发病人数的24.42%、17.86%和11.54%。集中趋势和圆形分布趋势分析显示,集中趋势M=0.2479,发病高峰主要集中于4月~7月中旬,职业分布以农牧民和学生为主,分别占比67.35%和23.05%。结论西藏波密县的结核病发病率高于全国平均水平,病例较为分散,且存在学生人群发病构成不断增加的趋势。

Objective:To analyze the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis in Bomi and provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures.Methods:Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the individual case data from 2005 to 2019.Meanwhile,concentr ation and circular distribution method were used to analyze the seasonal distribution features of tuberculosis.Results:A total of 833 cases were enrolled in this study from 2005 to 2019,251 cases of which smear positive patients with PTB(30.13%),and 582 cases of which non-smear positive patients with PTB(69.87%).The average morbidity was 194.94/100,000 including that 397 cases of male and 436 cases of female.The male to female ratio was about 1 to 1.098.The top three morbidity were Zamo town(24.42%),Qingduo town(17.86%),and Yuxu town(11.54%).The peak of incidence was mainly from April to mid-July,and mainly about students(23.05%),farmers and herdsmen(67.35%).Conclusions:The incidence of tuberculosis in Bomi is higher than the national average,and patients are more scattered.The results shows that a rise in tuberculosis among students.