北爱尔兰族群冲突背景下的警务改革及启示

Policing Reform and Its Enlightenment in the Context of Ethnic Conflicts In Northern Ireland

北爱尔兰问题及其伴生的北爱尔兰地区恐怖主义活动,长期以来受到国际社会的高度关注。北爱尔兰族群冲突具有深刻的社会背景,1968年前后暴发的一系列暴力冲突中,警察及国家强制力量的介入导致北爱尔兰局势混乱,为了解决冲突争端,当局进行了警务改革,确立了警察优先处置原则,加强警务活动的公正性,落实警察责任制,改善警察与社区之间的关系。这一时期的北爱尔兰警务改革给我国民族地区的警务发展提供了一些可资借鉴的经验:在公安工作中应贯彻民族区域自治制度;运用法治思维解决族群冲突问题;灵活运用社区警务模式;采用适宜的社会治安综合治理方式。

The issue of Northern Ireland and the terrorist activities in Northern Ireland has been highly concerned by the international community for a long time.The ethnic conflict in Northern Ireland has profound social factors.In a series of violent conflict incidents around 1968,the intervention of the police and the state force led to chaos in Northern Ireland.To resolve the dispute,the authorities decided to carry out policing reforms:to establish the principle of police primacy,to strengthen the impartiality of policing activities,to implement accountability for policing activities,and to improve police-community relations.This provides good reference experiences for the development of policing in minority nationality regions of China:implementing the spirit of regional national autonomy in public security work,resolving the ethnic conflicts by a legitimate way,making full use of community policing mode and adopting the appropriate way of comprehensive social security management.