口腔门诊治疗中1429例患者应用笑气镇静技术的回顾性分析

1429 cases treated with nitrous oxide inhalation sedation in dental clinic:a retrospective study

目的回顾性分析笑气镇静技术在口腔门诊中的使用情况及效果。方法对2016年1月1日至2018年12月30日期间在广州医科大学附属口腔医院门诊使用笑气吸入镇静治疗的1429个病例进行如下分析:病例的人群分布、牙科治疗项目、使用笑气吸入的原因、不同年龄段患者的镇静效果和不良反应。结果1429例患者中,男性587例,女性842例,平均年龄(32.64±16.34)岁。使用笑气镇静的患者中,治疗项目行牙拔除术的占79.98%;原因为牙科畏惧的患者占79.50%。患者按照年龄分为5~15岁组、16~25岁组、26~35岁组、36~45岁组、46~55岁组、56~65岁组和>65岁组共7组,其中5~15岁组的镇静满意率为45.71%,其他6个年龄组的镇静满意率为90.83%~96.20%(P<0.001)。笑气镇静不良反应发生率为5.39%,女性高于男性,16~25岁组较其他年龄组发生率高(P<0.05),最常见为眩晕(构成比81.82%)。结论在牙拔除术、口腔种植术、牙髓治疗和牙周治疗四种常见口腔门诊治疗项目中,进行牙拔除术行笑气吸入镇静技术的患者最多,主要患者人群为牙科畏惧者;5~15岁组的镇静效果低于其他年龄组;笑气镇静的不良反应发生率低且可控。

Objective The use and effect of nitrous oxide sedation techniques in oral clinics were analyzed retrospectively.Methods Patients who were treated with nitrous oxide inhalation sedation in the clinic of the AffiliatedStomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 1,2016,to December 30,2018,were examined.Age and gender of the patients,dental treatments involved,reasons for nitrous oxide inhalation,sedative effects andadverse reactions were compiled.Results A total of 1 429 cases were examined,comprising 587 males and 842 females,and the average age was 32.64±16.34 years old.Among the patients who underwent nitrous oxide inhalation sedationin the oral clinic,79.98% needed tooth extraction,and 79.50% had a dental fear of procedures.The patients were divided into following 7 age groups:5-15 years old,16-25 years old,26-35 years old,36-45 years old,46-55 years old,56-65 years old and > 65 years old.The sedation satisfaction rate of the 5-15-year-old group was 45.71%,and the sedationsatisfaction rate of the other 6 age groups was 90.83%-96.20%(P < 0.001).The incidence of total adverse reactions was 5.39%;the incidence was higher in females than in males,and the incidence was higher in the 16-25 age groupthan in the other age groups(P < 0.05).The most frequent adverse reaction was vertigo(81.82%).Conclusion Amongthe four common oral outpatient treatment programs including the extraction of teeth,dental implants,pulp treatmentand periodontal treatment,patients undergoing inhalation sedation of nitrous oxide in the dental extraction most.Themost common reason for requiring sedation is dental fear,and the sedative effect of the 5-15-year-old group was signif-cantly worse than that of the other age groups.The incidence of adverse reactions of nitrous oxide sedation was low andmanageable.