三峡库区万州至巫山段城镇地质灾害调查进展

Progress of geological hazards survey in the urban area from Wanzhou to Wushan in the Three Gorges Reservoir

三峡库区作为“全国地质灾害防治十三五规划”重点防治区之一,地质灾害问题突出,其中万州至巫山段更是区内地质灾害集中发育区,地质灾害点数量达5000余处。以“查背景、识灾害、评风险、研预测”为主线,通过2019年项目工作,在区域地质灾害孕灾背景条件认识和机理研究、城镇地质灾害风险评价等方面取得了新的认识一是从地质材料特性、赋存条件及影响因素方面总结了地质灾害的孕灾背景条件;二是从地质沉积历史、地貌演化及微地貌改造等方面认识了地质灾害的形成与演化机理;三是通过遥感技术与轻型无人机低空航摄精细化解译相结合的方法,初步实现了承灾体自动化提取;四是形成了基于斜坡单元地质灾害风险评价方法,完成了三峡库区大周镇地质灾害风险评价。其成果为支撑服务地方地质灾害防治和引领地质灾害风险评价起到了示范作用。

Three Gorges Reservoir,as the main area of the National 13th Five-Year Plan for the Prevention and Control of Geological Disasters,is faced with outstanding problems of geological disasters,especially the area from Wanzhou to Wushan,which is a concentrated development area of geological disasters,with more than five thousand geological disasters spots.Taking background checking,risks evaluating and forecast researching as the main line,the authors have obtained some new understanding about the mechanism,background conditions of regional geological disasters and geological disaster risk assessment in urban area,through the project work in 2019.Firstly,the background conditions of geological disasters were summarized from geological material characteristics,occurrence conditions and influencing factors.Secondly,the formation and evolution mechanism of geological disasters was identified from geological deposition history,landform evolution and micro-landform transformation.Thirdly,the hazard-affected body were automatically extracted through the combination of optical remote sensing and low-altitude aerial photography of UAV.Fourthly,the geological disaster risk assessment method based on slope units was formed,and the geological disaster risk assessment of Dazhou town in Three Gorges Reservoir area was completed.These results play an exemplary role in supporting and serving local disaster prevention and control,and guiding geological disaster risk assessment.