从晋城书院看程颢对晋城的文化影响

CHENG Hao′s Cultural Influence on Jincheng Viewed From the Jincheng Academy

晋城书院位于晋城城北的书院村,当地人也称之为程颢书院、古书院。宋英宗治平元年(1064),时任江宁府上元县主簿的程颢,期满调任晋城县令。程颢在晋城的3年间,行教化、办乡校,成为晋城文化教育发展的一个重要节点。程颢对晋城的影响主要体现在文化的认同上,自金元尤其是明清以来,当地人普遍认为晋城地区在金元以后文化教育的大发展与程颢在晋城办乡校有关,甚至有人认为晋城书院即是在程颢所办乡校的基础上发展而来。据考,晋城书院最晚在明代中后期就已存在,其自身发展体现了一种逐渐形成的地方文化认同。

Located in Gushuyuan,in the north of Jincheng city,Shanxi province,the Jincheng Academy is known locally as CHENG Hao Academy or Gushuyuan.In 1064,the first year of Emperor Song Yingzong′s reign,when CHENG Hao was transferred to Jincheng county(now Jincheng in Shanxi province)as a county magistrate after his service as the a chief secretary of Shangyuan county in Jiangning(Nanjing,Jiangsu province).During his three years in Jincheng,he civilized people,practiced education and ran rural schools,which became a crucial point in the development of culture and education in Jincheng.CHENG Hao′s influence on Jincheng was mainly reflected in cultural identity,since the Jin and Yuan Dynasty especially since the Ming and Qing Dynasty,it was widely believed that the great development of culture and education in Jincheng area after the Jin and Yuan Dynasties was related to CHENG Hao’s performance in Jincheng.Some people believe that Jincheng Academy was set on the basis of CHENG Hao’s rural schools.According to some researches,Jincheng Academy began to exist since the middle and late Ming Dynasty,and its development reflects a characteristic cultural identity that gradually formed in Jincheng.