花椒籽替代不同比例玉米对育肥猪生长性能和肉品质的影响

Effect of Zanthoxylum Seed Substituting Different Proportions of Corn on Growth Performance and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs

本试验旨在探讨饲粮中用花椒籽部分代替玉米对育肥猪的生长性能、肉品质、背最长肌脂肪酸组成的影响。选择90日龄、体重为33 kg的健康杜×长×大三元猪288头,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复18头。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别用花椒籽代替饲粮中2.5%、5%、7.5%的玉米,预试验7d,正试期100 d。结果表明:5%花椒籽组平均日增重(ADG)和耗料增重比(F/G)最高,7.5%花椒籽组ADG最低;各组间pH45min、肉色无显著差异;各试验组熟肉率、pH24h显著低于对照组,而试验组间熟肉率、pH24h差异不显著;各试验组的肌肉失水率较对照组显著上升,各试验组间失水率差异不显著;背最长肌中n-3PUFAs、α-亚麻酸(ALA)含量随花椒籽添加量上升而上升,7.5%花椒籽组n-3PUFAs、ALA均极显著高于对照组;n-6/n-3随花椒籽添加量的上升而下降;各试验组DHA、EPA含量显著高于对照组,试验组间差异不显著。可见,用2.5%~5%花椒籽代替玉米可提高育肥猪的生长性能,提高猪背最长肌中的n-3PUFAs含量,降低n-6/n-3,不会对肉品质产生不良影响。

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of zanthoxylum seeds substituting corn in diet on growth performance,meat quality and muscle fatty acid composition of fattening pigs.A total of 288 healthy DLY pigs with 90 days of age were selected and pre-tested for 7 days.They were randomly divided into four groups,the basic diet was used as control group,zanthoxylum seeds were used to replace 2.5%,5%,and 7.5%of corn.The test period was 100 d.Results indicate that average daily weight gain(ADG)of the 5%group was the highest and the lowest cost of weight gain,the average daily weight gain(ADG)of the 7.5%group was the lowest,feed efficiency was the highest.There was no significant difference in pH45min and flesh color among groups(P>0.05).The cooked meat percentage and pH24h of each test group were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).The muscle water loss rate of each test group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The content of n-3PUFAs andα-linolenic acid increased with the increase of the added amount,each test group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05),7.5%zanthoxylum seed group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.01).n-6/n-3 decreased with the increase of the added amount(P<0.01).The content of DHA and EPA in each test group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),but the difference between each test group was not significant(P>0.05).It can be seen that replacing corn with 2.5%~5%peppercorn seeds can improve the growth performance of fattening pigs without adversely affecting meat quality.It can also increase the content of n-3PUFAs in the pig's longest muscle and reduce n-6/n-3.