焊缝典型缺陷的超声相控阵检测与评析

Evaluation and Analysis of Ultrasonic Phased Array Inspection Results of Typical Defects of Welds

当今社会,焊接技术广泛应用于工业设备的制作,焊接质量的好坏对设备的使用安全造成巨大的影响;超声检测是如今无损检测的重要手段之一,它能有效对接头的焊接情况进行检测,从而判断内部是否存在缺陷,检测结果是焊缝质量评价的重要依据;文章对多块坡口形状为“U”型、“X”型、“V”型的焊接试样中的裂纹、夹杂、未熔合等典型缺陷进行CIVA仿真模拟以及超声相控阵检测;首先通过仿真确定了检测工艺,扫查方式、扫查角度以获得更好的信噪比和缺陷可检测性;其次对比16块对焊接试板中多种不同典型缺陷的多次试验检测结果,分析各类典型缺陷的漏判及误判情况;最后对常规超声、相控阵超声、射线检测缺陷的测长结果进行了统计比较,分析影响相控阵超声测长结果的几个因素,从而为超声相控阵在实际焊缝检测中提供更大的可行性及可靠性。

In today's society,welding technology is widely used in the production of industrial equipment,and the quality of welding has a huge impact on the safety of equipment.Ultrasonic testing is one of the important methods of non-destructive testing today.It can effectively detect the welding conditions of the joints to determine whether there are internal defects.The test results are an important basis for the quality evaluation of welds.In this paper,the typical defects such as cracks,inclusions,unfused and other typical defects in the welded specimens with groove shapes of"U","V"and"V"are carried out CIVA simulation and ultrasonic phased array testing.Firstly,the inspection process,scanning method and scanning angle are determined through simulation to obtain better signal-to-noise ratio and defect detectability.Secondly,it compares the test results of 16 different typical defects in the welding test board,and analyzes the missed judgment and misjudgment of various typical defects.Finally,a statistical comparison of the length measurement results of conventional ultrasound,phased array ultrasound,and radiographic testing is carried out,and several factors that affect the results of phased array ultrasound length measurement are analyzed,so as to provide better results for ultrasonic phased array in actual weld inspection.Great feasibility and reliability.