案例—问题驱动式教育对维持性血液透析患者并发症防控及自我管理能力的影响

Effect of case–problem driven education on the prevention and control of complications and selfmanagement ability of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis

目的探讨案例—问题驱动式教育对维持性血液透析患者并发症防控及自我管理能力的影响。方法选择医院2017年6月—2019年10月收治的维持性血液透析患者160例,按患者性别、年龄、透析时长、原发病具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组各80例。对照组采取常规健康教育,观察组在对照组基础上加以案例—问题驱动式教育,比较两组并发症发生率及自我管理能力。结果观察组高血压、钙磷代谢紊乱、感染、内瘘闭塞等并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组维持性血液透析自我管理能力量表4维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论案例—问题驱动式教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用,能改善并发症防控效果,提升患者自我管理能力。

Objective To explore the effect of case-problem driven education on the prevention and control of complications and self-management ability of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.Methods To select 160 cases of patients who underwent maintenance hemodialysis and were admitted to hospital from June 2017 to October 2019 as the study objects,and they were divided into a control group and an observation group according to the principle of comparability of patients’gender,age,dialysis duration,and primary disease,with 80 cases in each group.The control group took regular health education,and the observation group received caseproblem-driven education based on the control group to compare the incidence rate of complications and selfmanagement ability between the two groups.Results The incidence of complications such as hypertension,calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder,infection,and internal fistula occlusion in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of 4 dimensions of the maintenance hemodialysis self-management scale in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of case-problem-driven education in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis can improve the prevention and control of complications and enhance the self-management ability of patients.