基于问题解决模型的学习者计算思维培养——以编程类课程“数据库技术及应用”的教学为例

The Cultivation of Students’Computational Thinking Based on Problem-Solving Model--Taking the Teaching of Programming Course“Database Technology and Application”as an Example

作为计算时代的新产物,计算思维体现了学习者解决问题的思维发展过程,捕获其过程性数据可为开展有效且精准的计算思维评价提供数据基础。为此,文章以计算思维的问题属性为契机,以问题解决过程中产生的学习行为数据为依据,构建了促进计算思维发展的问题解决模型,并基于此模型设计了教学流程和智能训练系统。之后,文章在编程类课程“数据库技术及应用”中开展了基于问题解决模型培养学习者计算思维的应用实践,对学习者的计算思维水平进行了测量,验证了问题解决模型的有效性。效果评价结果表明,问题解决模型能有效促进学生计算思维的培养,其中智能训练系统的设计与学习行为数据的捕捉为学习者解决问题提供了可靠性依据,是发展计算思维的双重保障。

As a new product of the computing age,computational thinking represents the development process of learners‟problem-solving thinking,and capturing its procedural data can provide data basis for effective and accurate evaluation of computational thinking.Therefore,taking the problem attributes of computational thinking as an opportunity,according to the learning behavior data generated in the problem-solving process,this paper constructed a problem-solving model that promoted the development of computational thinking,and designed the teaching process and intelligent training system based on this model.After that,the application practice of cultivating learners‟computational thinking based on the problem-solving model in the programming course“Database Technology and Application”was carried out,and learners‟computational thinking level was measured,and the effectiveness of the problem-solving model was verified.The effect evaluation results showed that the problem-solving model can effectively promote the cultivation of students‟computational thinking,and the design of the intelligent training system and the capture of learning behavior data provided reliable basis for learners to solve problems and were a double guarantee for the development of computational thinking.