二维过渡金属碳(氮)化物在生物传感器、抗菌载药和生物成像等领域的应用

Application of MXene in biosensors,antibacterial drug loading and biological imaging

背景:新兴的二维材料在众多研究领域已经成为了研究热点,过渡金属碳(氮)化物(MXene)二维材料具有优异的物理化学性质,其在能源、催化、生物等相关领域有了广泛的应用。目的:针对过渡金属碳(氮)化物在生物领域的目前发展及未来前景做一综述。方法:应用计算机在Web of Science、CNKI中国期刊全文数据库和中国万方数据库检索涉及过渡金属碳(氮)化物生物领域的相关研究,检索关键词为“Biomedical MXene,MXene Biosensor,MXene Synergistic Therapy;生物医用MXene;MXene生物传感器;MXene协同治疗”,检索时间设置为2011年3月至2020年5月。结果与结论:低细胞毒性、高比表面积、强而宽的近红外吸收使过渡金属碳(氮)化物家族成为生物医学应用中最有前景的材料之一。过渡金属碳(氮)化物结构中含有丰富的含氧基团,具有高度的功能化潜力,使过渡金属碳(氮)化物纳米片在生物医学领域表现出良好的性能。因此,过渡金属碳(氮)化物目前正在将其应用领域从机械、光学和电子领域扩展到生物医学领域。过渡金属碳(氮)化物在诊断成像、抗菌制剂、生物传感、药物传递等方面具有独特的潜力。虽然有研究表明过渡金属碳(氮)化物具有理想的短期生物相容性,但系统评估长期体内生物安全性对于扩大其生物医学应用至关重要。通过未来的研究,有望观察到过渡金属碳(氮)化物新家族的合成及其在生物医学科学中的光明前景。

BACKGROUND:The emerging two-dimensional materials have become a research hotspot in many research fields,among which MXene two-dimensional materials have been widely used in energy,catalysis,biology and other related fields due to their excellent physicochemical properties.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the current development and future prospects of MXene in the biological field.METHODS:A computer-based online search of Web of Science,CNKI,and Wanfang databases was performed to retrieve studies regarding MXene in the biological field published between March 2011 and May 2020 with the search terms of“Biomedical MXene,MXene Biosensor,MXene Synergistic Therapy”in English and Chinese.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Low cytotoxicity,high surface area,and strong and wide Near Infrared(NIR)absorption make the MXene family one of the most promising materials for biomedical applications.MXene structure contains abundant oxygen-containing groups which have a high degree of functionalization capability,enabling MXene nanosheets good performance in biomedical field.Therefore,MXenes are currently expanding their usage territory from mechanical,optical,and electronic fields toward biomedical areas.MXenes possess a unique potential for diagnostic imaging,antimicrobial agents,biosensor,and drug delivery.Although the present studies have shown desirable short-term biocompatibility of the MXenes,systematic assessment of long-term in vivo biosafety is essential for the expansion of their biomedical applications.By future investigations,it is expected to observe a rapid growing in the synthesis of new families of MXenes and their bright perspective in biomedical sciences.