干旱区绿洲地下水生态水位阈值研究进展

Advances in Ecological Groundwater Level Threshold in Arid Oasis Regions

地下水生态水位是干旱区绿洲水资源管理、地下水保护和生态环境保护的关键指标。从地下水生态水位的概念、确定方法、阈值区间等方面入手,综述了干旱区绿洲地下水生态水位研究的重要进展及未来发展建议:(1)干旱区绿洲地下水生态水位存在显著的多功能性和尺度特征;(2)生态调查统计与分析、模型计算分析和遥感统计分析是确定地下水生态水位的主要方法;(3)区域地下水埋深适合控制在2.0~4.0m,不同功能地下水埋深阈值差异显著,这种差异性主要受气候、下垫面植被、土壤、地质条件等因素影响;(4)建议加强多尺度、多维度的干旱区绿洲地下水生态水位阈值研究。

The ecological groundwater level is the key index of water resource management,groundwater and ecological environment protection in arid oasis regions.Starting from the concept,determination method,threshold interval,regulation mechanism and method of ecological groundwater level,this paper summarized the important progress and future development suggestions of groundwater ecological level and its regulation method in arid oasis regions.The results show that,(1)ecological groundwater level in arid oasis regions has significant multi-functional and scale characteristics;(2)ecological survey statistics and analysis,hydrological simulation analysis and remote sensing statistical analysis are the primary methods to determine ecological groundwater level;(3)the groundwater depth in the area is suitable to be controlled between 2.0 and 4.0 m.there are significant differences in the threshold values of groundwater depth for vegetation with different functions,which is affected by many factors such as climate,vegetation,soil and geological conditions on the underlying surface;(4)it is suggested to strengthen the research on multi-scale and multi-dimensional threshold of ecological groundwater level in arid oasis regions.