青岛新机场飞行区消防管网优化设计

Optimization Design of Fire Fighting Pipe Network in Aerodrome of Qingdao New Airport

机场飞行区消防管网由于自身系统的庞大和特殊性,对安全性及渗漏率的要求远比市政管网更严格。在青岛新机场工程(总管长超过50 km)飞行区消防管网设计中,存在节点流量大及跑道消火栓出水量巨大、跑道消火栓最大布置间距可达200 m等难点,导致无匹配的计算方法,由此带来水力计算中设计节点水量及"容差"设置的争议。如沿用保守简单的枝状管网(即选择最远路径)对最不利点进行水力校核计算,其结果往往与实际偏差较大。参考美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)等的相关规定,采用容差简化管网系统及节点流量,拟合到传统有限元法平差,降低了管网压力及漏水概率,尤其使消防水泵扬程降低了25%,有效提高了飞行区消防给水系统的安全性,并节约了投资。

Due to the huge and special nature,the fire fighting pipe network in aerodrome is far more strict than the municipal water supply network in terms of safety and leakage rate. There are some difficulties in the design of fire fighting pipe network in aerodrome of Qingdao New Airport project( the main pipe length is more than 50 km),such as large node flow rate and huge water output of runway hydrant,and the maximum arrangement distance of runway hydrant can reach 200 m. These difficulties lead to the unmatched calculation methods,and thus bring controversy about the design node water quantity and "tolerance " settings in hydraulic calculation. Therefore, if we use the method of conservative and simple branch pipe network( selecting the farthest path) to carry out hydraulic check calculation for the most unfavorable point,the results often deviate greatly from the actual situation.According to the relevant regulations of the Federal Aviation Administration( FAA) of the United States,tolerance is used to simplify the pipe network system and node flow,and the adjustment is fitted to the traditional finite element method. As a result,the pipe network pressure and the probability of water leakage can effectively be reduced,and the fire pump head is reduced by 25%,effectively improves the safety of fire fighting pipe network in aerodrome,and saves the investment.