欧盟对华政策的“不变”与“变”

The"Unchanged"and"Changed"Aspects of Europe's China Policy

2019年3月,欧盟委员会发布了对中国政策文件《欧中战略前景》。虽然欧盟提出"中国越来越成为欧盟的战略竞争者",但总体来看,中欧既合作又竞争将是相当长一段时间基本不变的常态。欧盟愿意在经济贸易、人文交流、国际安全、全球治理、环境保护等领域与中国开展长期的全方位的合作,但在中国企业投资、并购、承包欧盟国家工程项目方面会有一些限制性的变化。欧盟与中国在意识形态和社会制度方面的差异短时间难以改变,在香港、台湾、新疆、西藏以及南海问题上,欧盟的政策立场难以根本改变。但在中美关系问题上,欧盟的政策态度有不小的变化。无论欧盟对华政策有多少"变"与"不变",中国与欧盟及其成员国合作、互利、共赢的政策立场是一以贯之的。

On March 22, 2019, the European Commission issued a policy document on China–the EU-China Strategic Outlook. Although the EU states that "China has increasingly become a strategic competitor for the EU", on the whole, cooperation and competition between them have remained basically unchanged for quite a long time. The EU is willing to carry out long-term and all-round cooperation with China in the areas of economy and trade, people-to-people exchanges, international security, global governance and environmental protection. However, there will be some restrictive changes in terms of the Chinese enterprises’ investment, M&A and contracting of projects of the EU countries. The differences in ideology and social system between the EU and China are difficult to change in a short time. On the issues of Hong Kong, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Tibet and the South China Sea, it is difficult for the EU to fundamentally change its policy stance. However, on the issue of Sino-US relations, the EU’s policy attitude has changed a lot. No matter how the EU’s China policy may change as time goes by, China’s policy stance of cooperation and mutual benefit is consistent.