清入关前对蒙古施政与创建《蒙古例》

Early Qing Governance and Creation of Mongolian Code

金国统治者特别注重对蒙古的施政措施和法制建设,将其作为一项基本国策。清入关前,努尔哈赤、皇太极时期的民族政策往往通过法律的形式予以确定。清初对蒙古颁布的法令、核查人丁、户口管理、划定牧场,编立旗分,设立机构等统治措施,对有效管理蒙古各部,并对入关后制定“因俗而治”的民族政策,创建《蒙古例》为主的民族法制体系,对边疆民族地区法律治理起到了重要作用。

The formulation of Mongolia statutes(Chi.menggu li)and the codification,revision,and proficient practice of Mongolia code(Chi.menggu lüli)shows that the ruling group of the Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the construction of ethnic legal system.These two laws became an important legal basis for Qing's administrative jurisdiction over the Mongolian Plateau,the governance of the northern frontier,and the implementation of the ethnic policy.