我国固沙植物资源化利用研究进展

Research Advance in Sand-fixing Plant Resources Utilization in China

我国干旱、半干旱沙区广泛采用种植植物的措施固定流沙,因其可以更持久地、可持续地发挥防护效能。固沙植物以多年生灌木、半灌木和草本植物为主,不仅可以良好地适应当地的自然条件,而且具有较高的生态经济价值。研究优良固沙植物的饲用价值、绿化价值以及药用价值,对合理开发利用沙区植物资源具有非常重要的意义。文中回顾了我国不同优良固沙植物的资源分布情况,综述了沙区植物资源利用概况,包括沙质地区固沙植物的饲料资源、绿化资源以及药用资源利用,探讨了我国固沙植物资源利用过程中的不合理现象及存在问题,提出固沙植物资源的可行性保护措施,为充分发挥沙区植物资源防风固沙、水土保持的生态效益以及最大限度地提高当地的经济效益提供参考。

Plants are widely planted in the arid and semi-arid sandy land of China widely to fix quicksand, which can exert more enduring and sustainable protective function. Perennial shrubs, semi-shrubs and herbaceous plants are considered as the sand-fixing plants, as they can not only well adapt to local natural conditions but also have highly ecological and economic value. The study of the forage value, landscape value and medicine value of excellent sand-fixing plants is of important significance for reasonable development and utilization of plant resources in sandy land. We review the current distribution of different sand-fixing plant resources in China, and summarize their utilization in sandy areas, including the forage resources, landscaping resources and medicinal resources utilization. With the view to solving the unreasonable phenomena and existant problems in the utilization process of sand-fixing plant resources in China, the practically feasible measures are proposed for the sand-fixing plants protection. This review is to provide the theoretical basis for give play to the ecological benefits of plant resources in sandy area such as wind prevention, sand fixation and soil and water conservation, and also to maximize their economic benefits.