中国体育外交能力:内涵、现状与提升策略

Chinas Sports Diplomatic Capacity:Connotation,Current Situation and Promotion Strategies

外交能力是综合国力的重要组成,是国家进行外交活动时能有效运用自身资源与力量,保障外交目标顺利实现的能力体现。体育外交能力作为国家体育外交的重要组成部分,理应成为体育外交研究中的应有之意。然而,迄今学界尚未对"体育外交能力"进行思考和探讨,不利于体育外交研究的进一步开展。主要运用文献资料法,从外交能力的概念出发,对体育外交能力的内涵进行了分析,认为:体育外交能力是外交行为体在进行体育外交活动时,统筹国际国内大局、协调各组织职能,整合利用自身体育资源与力量对外交对象施加影响,保障本国体育外交目标顺利实现的能力;其组成应包括统筹协调能力、提供全球体育公共产品能力和体育外交储备能力。对中国体育外交能力现状进行分析,认为目前存在统筹能力较强,但规划和组织协调能力不足;对外援助能力、承办国际性赛事能力较强,但参与制定国际体育制度能力和推行体育价值观能力不足;体育外交政策制定能力和人才培养能力尚待提升的现状。以此为基础,认为国家应设立专职协调部门,负责体育外交事业中组织协调工作的开展;以"一带一路"为契机,建立国际体育合作机制,进一步传播我国体育文化价值理念,提供更多全球体育公共产品;以高校为立足点,加强我国体育外交人才的培养力度。

Diplomatic capacity is an important component of comprehensive national power,and is the embodiment of the ability of a country to effectively use its own resources and power to ensure the successful realization of diplomatic goals when conducting diplomatic activities.As an important part of national sports diplomacy,sports diplomatic capacity should be an important part of sports diplomacy research.However,up to now,the academic circle has not yet considered and discussed the "sports diplomatic capacity",which is not conducive to the further development of sports diplomacy research.Based on the concept of diplomatic capacity,this paper analyzes the connotation of sports diplomatic capacity by using the method of documentation.It holds that sports diplomatic capacity is a diplomatic actor.In the international sports community,sports diplomatic capacity can coordinate the international and domestic patterns,the functions of various organizations,and use strategies or means to exert influence on foreign diplomatic objects based on their own sports resources and strength,so as to protect the domestic sports and foreign countries Its composition should include the ability of overall planning and coordination,the ability to provide global sports public goods and the ability of sports diplomatic reserves.Based on the analysis of the current situation of China’s sports diplomatic capacity,it is believed that there is a strong overall planning ability,but the planning and organization coordination ability is insufficient.The ability to provide foreign aid and host international competitions is strong,but the ability to participate in the international sports system and the ability to implement sports values are insufficient.The current situation that the ability to formulate sports foreign policy and the ability to cultivate talents still need to be improved.Based on this,it’s believed that the state should set up a fulltime coordination department responsible for the organization and coordination of sports diplomacy,take the "Belt and Road Initiative" as an opportunity to establish an international sports cooperation mechanism,further disseminate our sports culture and values,and offer more global sports public products,take colleges and universities as a foothold to strengthen the training of Chinese sports diplomacy talents.