SARS-CoV-2 S蛋白相关感染致病机制研究进展

Research progress of mechanisms of Spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 infection

严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒-2(Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS-CoV-2)被证实主要通过病毒结构蛋白中的S蛋白与人类细胞表面ACE2受体结合而感染人体。本文针对这一主要的感染机制进行文献调研,从S蛋白结构对感染能力的影响、S蛋白与多种细胞ACE2受体的结合、多种调控蛋白对这一结合过程的影响等方面阐述了SARS-CoV-2感染细胞的可能分子机制,并从S蛋白变异对病毒传染性和致病性的影响等方面加深了对SARS-CoV-2致病性的认识,为进一步全面认识SARS-CoV-2这一病毒提供有益参考。

Human ACE2 receptors on cells binding to Spike(S)protein on the surface of SARS-CoV-2 may be the main cause of the viruses entering into human cells.In this article,the current situation of the research on the S protein related SARS-CoV-2 infection and its mechanisms were summarized.We focused on the effect of structure of S protein on the infection,the binding sites of S proteins on ACE2 receptors in various tissues and other proteins which may regulate the process of binding,in order to elucidate the mechanisms of the infection of SARS-CoV-2.The variation of the gene of S protein can affect the transmission and virulence of SARS-CoV-2,which may give some useful references to the comprehensive understanding of the new virus of SARS-CoV-2.