研究所自主部署科研项目精细化管理工作探索

Elaborate management of self-deployed scientific research projects in research institutes

科研院所和高校自主部署科研项目是其科技资源投入的自留地,有望为其看好、需前瞻布局的研究工作"雪中送炭"。深化科研院所和高校自主部署科研项目的管理改革,是落实中央赋予科研院所和高校科研更大自主权后"放管服"的重要举措。为做好自主部署科研项目管理,中国科学院理化技术研究所(简称理化所)于2012年探索制订了项目管理办法,自主部署了一批科研项目,并在民口科研项目立项组织方面进行了有益的精细化管理探索,已支持项目普遍取得了良好成绩。本文旨在对研究所近6年自主部署民口科研项目的精细化管理探索进行回顾总结,为一定程度上解决科技计划"失灵"问题、破解科技资源分配二八现象提供理化所方案;为兄弟单位落实好科研自主权扩大后的"放管服"要求,加强和改进科研院所和高校自主部署科研项目管理提供参考。

There is a huge contradiction between increasing research funds demands and limited resource supply. The requirement for "selecting the best among the best" in all kinds of competitive science and technology candidate projects is the reason for fierce competitions in project selection and the phenomenon that there are 20%-80% resources allocation problems. The independent deployment of scientific research projects by institutes and universities is the reserved plot for the promising and prospective research work. Deepening the management reform of institutes and universities′ independent deployment of scientific research projects is an important measure to implement the policy of "streamlining government functions and administration and delegating powers while improving regulation" after the central government qualified the institutes and universities greater autonomy in scientific research. Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(TIPC) independently issued the project management methods in 2012, deployed a number of projects independently, and carried out elaborate management that resulting in satisfied achievements. The principle of "better selecting, initiating after mature, strict management and encouraging innovation, and following up in time" was carried out, leading to ideal working mode for scientific projects. By the self-deployed scientific research projects, most of the projects have received 3 times more of funds than before, which are higher than various social funds. Furthermore, the leaders of the projects have the good chance of becoming the elite researcher, such as "China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists" and "National Natural Science Foundation Outstanding Youth Foundation". Generally, the self-deployed scientific research projects promote the revolution of scientific innovation and technology transformation of TIPC, and are beneficial for the sustainable development and team construction. In this paper, we reviewed the elaborate management of TIPC′s research projects in the last six years. The self-deployed scientific research projects in TIPC does not aimlessly pursue the short-term assessment indicators for papers or patents, but taking a long-term and broad view to plan the destination and finally achieving the substantial contribution to the national economy and scientific progress. We focus on the novel scientific issues and the social significance of the projects. The projects should bear the long-term, systematic and overall innovative values. It should aim for cutting-edge sciences and resolving national demands to make fundamental contribution to the overcoming of "strangle hold" issues. At the conceiving stage,deep discussion with the researchers was initiated at the first time. Then, the application forms were carefully prepared with the help of experienced professors. At the review stage, the team work was adopted to maximize the advantages. We take the criteria of the most popular projects as the reference, selecting the most valuable projects. At the executing stage, the management system that subsidizing at different stage, immediately notifying and suspension was carried out to prevent the risk. The elaborate management work of self-deployed scientific research projects of TIPC provide a way to solve the problem of "failure" of scientific and technological plan and the Pareto′s principle of allocation of scientific and technological resources. Meanwhile, this could be helpful to other institutes and universities to meet the requirement of deploying scientific research projects independently in the new era.