道咸以来程朱理学的发展和衍变:以皖地理学为核心的考察

On the Development of Anhui Neo-Confucianism since the Reign of the Emperor Daoguang and Xianfeng

道咸以来,程朱理学在湖南、安徽等地区呈现出复兴的趋势。皖地理学主张捍卫程朱理学的正统地位,强调实行、实用和效验,彰显出鲜明的崇实取向。皖地理学的这一发展衍变体现在夏炘、夏炯、方东树、方宗诚等皖地理学人士群体对乾嘉汉学和"乾嘉新义理学"的激烈批判,以及主张于"人伦日用"间践履道德规范等方面。在研究方法上,尝试采用"地域性学术共同体"和中下层理学人士群体的研究视角,揭示清代理学发展的一个独特的面向。

Since the reign of Daoguang and Xianfeng, the Neo-Confucianism of Cheng and Zhu presented a trend of revival in Hunan, Anhui and other regions. Anhui Neo-Confucianism advocated to defend the orthodox position of Neo-Confucianism of Cheng and Zhu, emphasizing practice, practicality and effectiveness, whose development showed a clear truth-respecting orientation. This evolution was closely related to the fierce criticism of sinology and the Neo-studies of principle in the reign of Qianlong and Jiaqing by such a group of Anhui Neo-Confucianism scholars as Xia Xin, Xia Jiong, Fang Dongshu and Fang Zongcheng. In addition, this group also advocated the implementation of moral norms through the daily life of human relations. In terms of research methods, this paper tries to reveal a unique aspect of Neo-Confucianism development in Qing Dynasty by adopting the research perspective of regional academic community and middle and lower Neo-Confucianism academic group.