带限位台阶的高阻尼橡胶减振器性能试验分析

Experimental Performance Study on Viscoelastic Assembly Dampers with Limitation

航天工程中的有害振动可通过高阻尼橡胶减振器进行控制,但核心耗能单元和其他部件之间的连接容易失效。为了改进高阻尼橡胶减振器中阻尼材料和钢板的连接模式,使两者在较大变形下具有较高的机械连接性能,并且避免采用高温高压整体硫化的生产工艺,提出了一种带限位台阶的装配式高阻尼橡胶减振器。该减振器的阻尼材料和钢板之间采用常温胶黏连接模式,且在阻尼材料和钢板的连接边界面上设置了若干个具有一定高度的阶梯状限位台阶。对限位阶梯总高度分别为3 mm、4 mm、5 mm的3种不同装配式高阻尼橡胶减振器进行了不同加载频率和幅值的性能试验。试验结果表明:新型装配式高阻尼橡胶减振器在大变形下具有较强的耗能能力。带限位台阶的减振器和没有限位台阶的减振器相比,最大储能模量提高了22.3%,损耗因子提高了24.9%,且在较大位移幅值工况下,滞回曲线由原本的椭圆形变成类8字型,在保证较高阻尼力的同时使得滞回曲线所包络的面积增大,最大增幅可达588%。该新型减振器无需高温高压整体硫化,可以显著降低生产成本并提高生产效率,具有显著的性能优势和广泛的应用前景。

Since harmful vibrations in aerospace engineering can be controlled by high-damping rubber shock absorbers,the connection between the core energy-consuming unit and other components is prone to failure. In order to improve the connection process of the viscoelastic material and the steel plate in high-damping rubber shock absorbers,a fabricated high-damping rubber shock absorber with limiting steps is proposed. Therefore,the connection surface has higher mechanical connection performance under large deformation, and also the production process of high temperature and high-pressure integral vulcanization are avoided. A normal temperature adhesive connection mode is applied between the viscoelastic material and the steel plate of the damper,and several step-shaped limiting steps with a certain height are set on the connection boundary surface of the viscoelastic material and the steel plate. Three different assembled high-damping rubber shock absorbers with different total heights of the limit step 3 mm,4 mm,and 5 mm have been tested with different loading frequencies and amplitudes. The experiment results show that the new assembled high-damping rubber shock absorbers have strong energy consumption ability under large deformation.Compared with the damper without the limiting step,the maximum storage modulus is increased by 22.3%,the loss factor is improved by 24.9%. Under the condition of larger displacement amplitude,the hysteresis curve changes from the original ellipse to a figure-8-like shape,which ensures a higher damping force and bigger area enveloped by the hysteresis curve. The maximum rate can reach up to 588%. The new type of damper does not require high temperature and high-pressure overall vulcanization, and can significantly reduce production costs and improve production efficiency. It has significant performance advantages and broad application prospects.