供给侧结构改革视域下的新建本科院校转型发展:理论依据、实践困境与推进举措

Application-oriented transformation of new colleges from perspective of educational supply-side structural reform:theoretical basis,practical dilemmas and advanced measures

教育供给侧结构改革是新建本科院校向应用型转型发展中的重要理论和实践问题,区域对高素质应用型人才的需求也恰恰反映了新建本科院校的教育供给侧问题。只有聚焦供给侧结构改革,深入推进应用型转型发展,才能有效促进新建本科院校高质量发展。供给侧结构改革视域下新建本科院校向应用型发展,存在着"整体转型与局部变革的制约性""专业设置和特色发展的封闭性""校企合作与利益取向的冲突性""目标设定与体系构建的难到位"等现实困境。为深入推进应用型人才培养的供给侧结构改革,新建本科院校、地方政府、地方行业和地方企业应与时俱进地强化职责,通过进一步平衡权益关系和充分发挥主体作用,深化校地校企合作,落实组织深层变革、学科平台专业建设、人才培养模式改革和多元综合分类评价。

The structural reform of educational supply-side is not only a theoretical problem but also a practical problem in the application-oriented transformation of newly-built universities.The local demands for application-oriented talents precisely reflects the supply-side problems of newly-built universities.Only by focusing on the supply-side structural reform and further promoting the new colleges to application-oriented transformation can these universities achieve high-quality development.There are some practical difficulties,such as"the restriction between overall transformation and partial transformation","the inflexibility of specialties and characteristic development","the conflict of different interest orientations between school-enterprise cooperation"and"the unreachability in setting goals and constructing system".To further promote the transformational reform,it requires new colleges,local governments and local enterprises to reinforcetheir due guiding role keeping pace with the times.By further balancing the relation of rights and interest and playing the main part duty to deepen cooperation between schools and enterprises,push forward organization changes,optimize disciplines,reform the training mode,and implement multiple comprehensive classification evaluation.