新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎发病机制的研究进展

Advances in the pathogenesis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)是新生儿期最常见的外科急危重症,发病特征主要为肠道上皮细胞死亡,大量炎症急性爆发。目前对NEC复杂的发病机制尚不完全清楚,缺乏有效的早期生物化学监测指标和治疗方法,使其发病率和死亡率在过去30年未得到改善。因此,阐明NEC的发病机制,并寻找合适的治疗靶点,十分关键。已有研究显示肠道细胞焦亡和中性粒细胞胞外陷阱作为细胞死亡的新方式,在炎性疾病中扮演重要角色,这为研究NEC的发病机制及靶向治疗提供了新的思路,现对此作一综述。

Necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)is the most common surgical critical disease in neonatal period.The main characteristics of necrotizing enterocolitis are intestinal epithelial cell death and a large number of acute inflammation outbreaks.At present,the pathogenesis of NEC is not yet clear.There is no effective early biochemical monitoring index and treatment method.The incidence rate and mortality rate of the disease has not been improved in the past thirty years.Therefore,it is very important to elucidate the pathogenesis of NEC and find suitable therapeutic targets.As a new way of cell death,intestinal cell pyroptosis and neutrophil extracellular traps plays an important role in inflammatory diseases,which provides a new way to study the pathogenesis and targeted treatment of NEC.The related research is summarized as follows.