预溃拉伸吸能结构的构建、分析与优化

Construction,Analysis and Optimization of Pre⁃collapse Tensile Energy⁃Absorbing Structure

本文中基于对拉伸吸能方案优越性的分析,创新性地提出了一种能有效提升碰撞吸能性能的预溃拉伸吸能结构。首先通过吸能盒的压缩试验和标准拉伸样件的拉伸试验,表明了拉伸吸能具有更高比吸能的优点。随后构建了一种利用吸能杆拉伸吸能的预溃拉伸结构,通过有限元碰撞仿真分析其碰撞形变和吸能特性,并对其板厚参数进行优化。结果表明:新型结构充分发挥了材料拉伸吸能原理的优势,其比吸能比传统结构高40%,碰撞安全性能明显提升。

Based on an analysis on the advantage of the scheme of energy absorption by material stretching,a pre⁃collapse tensile energy⁃absorbing structure is innovatively proposed,which can effectively enhance the impact energy absorption performance.Firstly,through the compression test of the energy⁃absorbing box and the tensile test of the standard tensile specimen,it is indicated that the energy absorption by material stretching has the advantages of higher specific energy absorption.Then,a pre⁃collapse tensile energy⁃absorbing structure is constructed,which utilizes the stretching of energy⁃absorbing bar to absorb energy.The characteristics of impact deformation and energy absorption of the structure are analyzed by finite element collision simulation,and an optimization is conducted on thickness parameters.The results show that the new structure takes full advantage of the principle of energy absorp⁃tion by material stretching and achieves 40%higher specific energy absorption than traditional structure,enhancing its collision safety performance significantly.