单细胞RNA测序在肾脏领域的研究进展

Research advances of single-cell RNA sequencing in kidney

肾脏是结构和功能高度复杂的器官,由多种细胞类型组成,明确各种类型及其亚型细胞在生理和病理状态下基因转录图谱及其变化对阐明肾脏结构、功能以及疾病的发病机制极为重要。单细胞RNA测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNA-seq)的发展引起转录组学研究模式的转变,从对大量组织基因转录的平均水平的分析转向对特定器官(或组织)中单细胞基因转录的细胞水平的研究。本文在阐述scRNA-seq技术及其揭示的新发现的肾脏细胞亚型和功能的基础上,重点对常见的多种肾脏疾病肾组织中免疫细胞scRNA-seq的研究进展进行综述。

Composed of multiple cell types,kidney is an organ with highly complex structures and functions.Thus it is quite important to clarify the gene transcription map and changes of various types and subtypes of cells under physiological and pathological conditions to elucidate the structure,function and pathogenesis of the diseases.The development of single-cell RNA sequencing has triggered a shift in transcriptomic researches from analyzing the average level of gene transcription in various tissues to transcribing single-cell genes in specific organs(or tissues)at the cellular level.Based upon the elaboration of scRNA-seq technology and the newly discovered subtypes and functions of kidney cells,this review focused upon research advances of scRNA-seq of immune cells in kidney tissues of common kidney diseases.