贫困山区农地利用问题及对策——以恩施州为例

Problems and Countermeasures of Agricultural Land Use in Poor Mountainous Areas:a Case Study of Enshi Region

利用相关数据和资料进行分析,发现恩施州在农地利用方面虽取得了一定成效,但仍面临耕地面积下降、农业生态环境破坏、农业生产经营落后等问题,具体包括耕地面积缩减,水土流失、滥用农用化学品现象严重,农地经营规模偏小,农业经营主体弱质化等。为解决贫困山区农地利用的问题,提出下列对策:严守耕地保护红线;改造坡耕地,贯彻落实退耕还林政策,创新水土流失治理模式;加大补贴力度,加强技术指导,发展绿色和有机农业;因地制宜,加快农业机械化进程,培育新型职业农民和新型农业经营主体。

Based on the analysis of relevant materials and data,it is found that although there are certain achievements in agricultural land use in Enshi Autonomous Prefecture,it still faces such problems as the decreasing of cultivated land area,the destruction of agricultural ecological environment,and the backwardness of agricultural production and operation including the decline of cultivated land area,soil erosion,serious misuse of agricultural chemicals,small-scale agricultural land management and the weakness of agricultural business entities.In order to solve the problems of agricultural land use in poor mountainous areas,it is proposed to strictly observe the red line of cultivated land protection,transform sloping farmland,carry out the policy of returning farmland to forests,innovate the control mode of soil and water loss,increase the level of subsidies,strengthen technical guidance and develop green and organic agriculture,speed up the process of agricultural mechanization and cultivate a new type of professional farmers and agricultural operators in light of local conditions.