摘要
Iron is one of the essential trace elements in human body,which plays a critical role in electron respiratory chain,DNA synthesis,and oxygen utilization.The iron content in adult body is about 40 mg/kg[1].When iron content in human body decreases,the normal physiological functions are affected,which causes series of iron deficiency diseases,such as iron deficiency anemia.Iron deficiency is a common nutritional deficiency that affects over 2 billion people worldwide[2].Iron deficiency leads to immune,neurological,respiratory,and other disorders.There is a dynamic balance of iron metabolism in human body,which includes three main processes:iron uptake,storage,and output.It is absorbed by small intestinal epithelial cells,stored in red blood cells,liver,and muscle fibers,and exported by excrement or shedding of small intestinal epithelial cells.
