新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下本科护生心理状况及其影响因素分析

Mental status and its influencing factors among undergraduate nursing students during the epidemic of new coronavirus pneumonia

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下本科护生心理状况并分析其影响因素,为护理干预提供参考和依据。方法采用一般资料问卷、突发公共卫生事件心理量表、简易应对方式量表及社会支持评定量表对991名本科护生进行问卷调查。结果本科护生突发公共卫生事件心理量表得分为(0.54±0.42)分;年级较高、是独生子女、居住地有“新冠肺炎”确诊病例、亲人朋友曾经是或正在做疫情防控志愿者、亲人朋友曾经是或正在做疫情一线工作者、非常担心疫情爆发影响学习的护生,其突发公共卫生事件心理状况得分更高(P<0.05);心理状况总分及各维度与社会支持总分及主观支持维度呈显著负相关(P<0.01);心理状况总分及各维度与对支持利用度维度呈负相关(P<0.05)。心理状况总分及各维度与消极应对呈显著正相关(P<0.01);多元线性回归分析显示,年级、居住地是否有“新冠肺炎”确诊病例、亲人朋友是否曾经是或正在做疫情防控志愿者、担心疫情爆发影响学习以及社会支持、应对方式是护生突发公共卫生事件心理状况的主要影响因素。结论本科护生面对突发公共卫生事件心理状况整体较好,但仍存在一些问题。应根据护生突发公共卫生事件心理状况的影响因素实施个体化干预,从而改善护生的心理状况。

Objective To know mental status and its influencing factors among undergraduate nursing students during the epidemic of new coronavirus pneumonia and analyze its influencing factors,providing reference and basis for nursing intervention.Methods 991 undergraduate nursing students were investigated using general data1 questionnaire,Psychological scale of emergency public health events,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,Social Support Rate Scale.Results The psychological scale of emergency public health events score of undergraduate nursing students was(0.54±0.42)points;Undergraduate nursing students who had higher grade、were the only child and fear of outbreaks affecting learning had higher psychological scale of emergency public health events score(P<0.05);Undergraduate nursing students whose relatives and friends whether have been or are doing epidemic prevention and control volunteers or frontline workers had higher psychological scale of emergency public health events score score(P<0.05);Undergraduate nursing students whose residences were new coronavirus pneumonia confirmed cases had higher psychological scale of emergency public health events score score(P<0.05);The total score and each dimension of mental status were negatively correlated with the total score of social support and subjective support(P<0.01);The total score and each dimension of mental status were negatively correlated with the dimension of support utilization(P<0.05);The total score and each dimension of mental status were positively correlated with negative coping(P<0.01);Multiple linear regression analysis showed that grade,whether were new coronavirus pneumonia confirmed cases in the residence,whether relatives and friends have been or are doing epidemic prevention and control volunteers,fear of outbreaks affecting learning,social support and coping style were the influencing factors of mental status among undergraduate nursing students during emergency public health events.Conclusion The level of psychological scale of emergency public health events of undergraduate nursing students is relatively great but there are still some problems.Should implement individualized intervention based on the factors affecting the level of psychological scale of emergency public health events of undergraduate nursing students,So as to improve the psychological status of nursing students.