渐进式嵌入:不确定性视角下社会组织介入乡村振兴的策略选择--以S基金会为例

Gradual Embedding:The Strategic Choices of Social Organizations Participating in Rural Revitalization from the Perspective of Uncertainty--A Case Study on S Foundation

社会组织在介入乡村振兴的过程中往往面临着复杂的地方性环境,如何应对地方性环境直接影响社会组织项目的落地和乡村振兴的效果。本文以S基金会为个案,在不确定性视角下构建了一个“环境-策略-结果”的分析框架,并归纳出个案中所呈现的“渐进式嵌入”策略及其行动逻辑。研究表明:应对项目落地过程中的环境不确定性是社会组织介入乡村的重要行动逻辑;不确定性主要包括合作伙伴的不稳定性、地方权力关系的复杂性和在地目标的模糊性;社会组织倾向于采取从嵌入国家政策话语到嵌入地方行政体系、再到嵌入目标社区的优先序和渐次策略,分别达成获得认同、撬动权力和获取在地信息,从而回应了不确定性;社会组织的介入策略总体上呈现出从宏观到微观、自上而下、从外围环境到目标对象的渐进式嵌入过程。本文不确定性视角的价值在于跳出了“国家-社会”关系等结构叙事,回到过程分析和组织本身的立场,把组织行为还给了组织。

The objective of this paper is to illustrate the strategy choices adopted by social organizations when they get into the complex local environment to participate in the rural revitalization.Based on the case study of S Foundation,this paper constructs an analysis framework of"environm ent-strategy-result"from the perspective of uncertainty and summarizes a strategy of"Gradual Em bedding"in this case.This study shows:Coping with the environment uncertainty is an important action logic for the social organization when implementing projects and getting involved in rural development;The uncertainty includes the instability of cooperative partners,the complexity of local power network and the ambiguity of detailed development goals;The social organization is inclined to adopt a gradual strategy from embedding into the national policies to embedding into the local adm inistrative systems and then into the local communities,accordingly acquiring social approval,power and local information to tackle uncertainties;The social organization's strategies present an embedding process from macro-level to micro-level,top to down and external environment to target objects.The key limitation of this study is rooted in the methodology of single-case study,which means the logic summarized from the case can only be extended to those organizations with rich and independent funding resources,but not those relying heavily on funds from local government or local society.And the"Gradual Em bedding"strategy may be better used to illustrate the logic for implementing social innovation programs but not those mature ones.However,the main contribution of this study is to have introduced the perspective of uncertainty into social organization research,which surpasses the previous research emphasis on structural narratives such as"state-society"relationship by scholars,and focuses more on the process analysis from the standpoint of social organizations.By doing this way,this study is advocating giving the"organization behavior"back to the organizations themselves.