风浪联合作用下海上风力涡轮机的碰撞阻尼减振控制

Pounding tuned mass damper for vibration control of offshore wind turbine subjected to combined wind and wave excitations

提出利用碰撞调谐质量阻尼器(Pounding Tuned Mass Damper,PTMD)控制近海单桩风力涡轮机塔身在风浪联合作用下的结构振动。为此,利用拉格朗日方程推导风浪联合作用下风机与PTMD的耦合动力方程并据此分析了相关控制效果。具体而言,结构模型方面,以美国国家可再生能源实验室(NREL)的5 MW基准单桩海上风力涡轮机为研究对象,利用非线性黏弹性模型描述阻尼装置的碰撞过程,并在塔体模型中考虑基础土壤效应。风浪外荷载方面,采用考虑普朗特叶尖损失因子(Prandtl’s Tip Loss Factor)和格劳厄特校正(Glauert Correction)的叶素动量法计算风湍流作用在叶片上的气动荷载,并利用Morison方程计算满足JONSWAP谱的随机波浪荷载。研究发现,碰撞调谐质量阻尼器对塔顶响应的控制效果较好;引入的碰撞机制使调谐质量阻尼器鲁棒性提高,使之在参数失调的情况下仍能保持较好的振动控制效果。

A pounding tuned mass damper(PTMD)is proposed for controlling the structural vibration of a monopile offshore wind turbines subjected to combined wind and wave loading.An analytical model of the wind turbine coupled PTMD is established by the Euler-Lagrange equation and the related control effects are analyzed.Specifically,the National Renewable Energy Laboratory monopile 5-MW baseline wind turbine model is employed to examine the performance of the PTMD.The nonlinear viscoelastic model is used to describe the pounding process of the damping device.Aerodynamic loading acting on the blade is calculated by the blade element momentum method,where the Prandtl's tip loss factor and the Glauert correction are considered.Wave loading is computed using Morison's equation where wave date is generated by the JONSWAP spectrum.It is found that the PTMD can mitigate the nacelle/tower response effectively.Results indicate that the introduced collision mechanism improves the robustness of the tuned mass damper with enhanced vibration control effect under the detuned situations.