河流健康综合评价指标体系的构建及应用研究——以上海市城镇河道为例

Construction and Application of River Health Comprehensive Evaluation Index System——Taking Urban River in Shanghai as An Example

文章针对城市黑臭河道生态治理和修复的问题,以浦东新区新场镇、惠南镇、书院镇三个特征示范河道为研究区域,构建了适用于上海市城镇河道的河流健康综合评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,结合现场采样和调研,运用此体系对示范河道的健康状况进行综合评价。结果表明4个河段的健康等级在Ⅱ级到Ⅲ级之间,健康状况在中等到良好之间。三条示范河道健康的主要影响因素为河岸带特征和生物特征,健康限制因子主要是总氮、底栖动物多样性、水生植物多样性和河道宽深比。最后依据研究区河流健康综合评价结果,针对每个示范河道提出了河流健康状况改善措施。

In view of the problems of ecological treatment and restoration of urban black and Odorous River course,this paper takes Xinchang Town,Huinan town and Shuyuan town of Pudong New District as the research area to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system of river health suitable for urban river course in Shanghai.It uses the analytic hierarchy process combined with the relevant evaluation system to determine the index weight.The on-site sampling and research is conducted to evaluate the health of the demonstration area.The results show that the health level of the four river reaches is between class II and III,and the health status is between medium and good.The main factors affecting the health of the three demonstration rivers are riparian characteristics and biological characteristics.the main health limiting factors are total nitrogen,diversity of benthos,diversity of aquatic plants and width depth ratio.According to the comprehensive evaluation results of river health in the study area,the improvement measures of river health status are proposed for each demonstration channel.