公路隧道综合超前地质预报技术及应用

Comprehensive Advanced Geological Prediction Technology of Highway Tunnels and Its Application

针对公路隧道超前地质预报中单一超前预报方法精度不足的问题,对比当前主要超前地质预报方法的特点与局限性,提出地质分析技术与物探技术相结合、洞内外相结合、长短距离预报相结合,以及多种物性参数互补的综合超前地质预报实施方案;以某高速公路隧道超前地质预报工程为例,阐述基于地质调查法、掌子面地质素描法、地震波反射法、地质雷达法的综合超前地质预报技术体系,预报掌子面前方节理裂隙水发育区域,及时、有效避免隧道岩溶突水、突泥等地质灾害的发生。结果表明,该综合超前地质预报技术能充分发挥各种预报方法的优势并相互验证,极大地提高公路隧道施工不良地质超前预报精度。

Aiming at the problem that a single advanced prediction method in advanced geological prediction of highway tunnels was less accurate,characteristics and limitations of main geological prediction methods at present were compared.An implementation scheme of comprehensive advanced geological prediction was proposed,which combined geological analysis technology with geophysical exploration technology,considered inside and outside exploration,adopted long-distance and short-distance methods,as well as composited multiple geophysical parameters.Taking an advanced geological prediction project of a highway tunnel as an example,a technical system of comprehensive advanced geological prediction based on geological survey method,tunnel face geological sketch method,seismic wave reflection method,and geological radar method was explained.Development areas of rock fissure water in front of tunnel faces were predicted to timely and effectively avoid occurrence of geological disasters such as tunnel karst water and mud inrush.The results show that the comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology can make full use of advantages of different methods and verify each other.The advanced prediction accuracy of unfavorable geology during highway tunnel construction can be greatly improved.