言语康复训练对腭裂术后患儿语音学变化、心理状态及生活质量的影响

Effects of speech rehabilitation training on phonological changes,psychological state and quality of life of children after cleft palate

目的研究言语康复训练对腭裂术后患儿语音学变化、心理状态及生活质量的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年1月—2019年12月华北理工大学附属医院收治的60例腭裂术后进行规律言语康复训练的患儿,观察患儿嗓音声学特点参数,基频F0、Jitter、shimmer、标准化噪声能量(NNE)、谐噪比(HNR),且进行幼儿标准化的心理健康诊断测验(MHT)及中文版儿童生存质量测定量表体系(PedsQL)评估。结果康复训练前后F0比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);康复训练后Jitter、shimmer、NNE均小于康复训练前,HNR大于康复训练前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);康复训练后学习焦虑、对人焦虑、恐怖倾向和总焦虑倾向得分均低于康复训练前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);康复训练后生理功能、社会功能、情感功能和角色功能得分均明显高于康复训练前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论言语康复训练有助于腭裂术后患儿嗓音恢复正常,并且改善患儿的心理状态及生活质量,应积极推广应用。

Objective To study the effect of speech rehabilitation training on phonetic changes,psychological status and quality of life of children after cleft palate.Methods A retrospective analysis of 60 cases of children undergoing regular speech rehabilitation training in the Affiliated Hospital of North China Science and Technology University after cleft palate surgery from January 2018 to December 2019 was designed.The patients’vocal acoustic characteristic parameters,including,fundamental frequency F0,Jitter,shimmer,normalized noise energy(NNE),harmonic-noise ratio(HNR),and the standardized“mental health diagnostic test”(MHT)for children and the Chinese version of the pediatric quality of life inventory measurement models(PedsQL)4.0 scale were evaluted.Results There was no significant difference in F0 before and after rehabilitation training(P>0.05).Jitter,shimmer and NNE after rehabilitation training were all lower than those before rehabilitation training,and HNR was higher than that before rehabilitation training,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).The scores of learning anxiety,human anxiety,terror tendency and total anxiety tendency after rehabilitation training were all lower than those before rehabilitation training,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After rehabilitation training,the scores of physiological function,social function,emotional function and role function were significantly higher than those before rehabilitation training,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion Speech rehabilitation training is helpful to restore the clarity and coordination of the children’s speech after cleft palate,and improve the children’s psychological state and quality of life,which should be actively promoted and applied.