熊十力与儒家历史哲学的现代发展

Xiong Shili and Modern Development of Confucian Philosophy of History

作为中国哲学的重要内容,历史哲学在古代发展中呈现出以儒家历史哲学为主导的基本特征。但在西方文化东来的近现代,儒家历史哲学遇到了各种进化论历史观的严峻挑战。从康有为到冯友兰,几代中国学者以不同方式对进化论历史观作出了理论回应。但是,直至熊十力,才以“本心”本体论的历史哲学思想建构,实现了儒家道德决定论的历史观与进化论历史观的有机融合,从而将儒家历史哲学推进到进化史观的现代形态,并在理论上对中国与世界向何处去的时代问题给出了创造性的回答,为儒家历史哲学的现代发展开辟了道路。

As an important component of Chinese philosophy,the philosophy of history showed in the old days a basic characteristic that its development was dominated by the Confucian philosophy of history.But in modern times when the western learning was introduced to the east,it met severe challenges from various evolutionary views of history,and several generations of Chinese scholars,from Kang Youwei to Feng Youlan,made theoretical responses to them in different ways.It was not until Xiong Shili that the Confucian moral determinism and the evolutionary views of history were organically integrated together through his construction of the ontology of“original mind”.On that basis,the Confucian philosophy of history advanced to the modern form of the evolutionary views of history.And Xiong theoretically gave a creative answer to the question of the times,where China and the world were going,and blazed a trail for the modern development of Confucian philosophy of history.