共轭多孔聚合物应用于近红外光热转换材料

Conjugated microporous polymers for near-infrared photothermal control of shape change

近红外光热转换材料在光热治疗、光驱动智能器件等医学和能源领域受到广泛重视.本文以商业化芳香小分子为单体,通过一步简单的交联聚合方法制得了四种共轭多孔聚合物,并首次系统研究了它们的光热转换性能.结果表明,它们均具有灵敏的近红外光热响应性,且材料的光热转换效率与单体结构中共轭苯环数有很大关系,其中两种聚合物的光热转换效率可高达47%以上.同时,该类共轭多孔聚合物可作为光热转换填料,将其少量填充于热敏型形状记忆材料基体中,可实现远程、快速、定点调控材料形状的回复,且其对基材的热性质和力学性能影响很小.研究表明,由于其合成简单、原料易得、光热转换效率高,该共轭多孔聚合物是一类很有应用前景的光热转换材料.

Herein,a facile and highly efficient synthetic method to prepare organic photothermal materials with high photo-stability and outstanding photothermal performance is reported.Through direct polymerization of commercial aromatic monomers in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride and dichloromethane,four kinds of conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs)were obtained.Detailed structural analysis confirmed that the resultant CMPs possessed abundant micropores with an extendedπ-conjugated skeleton.Under near-infrared(NIR)light irradiation(808 nm,1.0 W cm−2),all the CMPs showed fast heating-up behavior with their maximum temperatures higher than 150℃.Moreover,the efficiency of photothermal conversion(η)of the CMPs was found to increase linearly with the increase in the number of conjugated benzene rings within the monomer.Poly-TPE from tetraphenylethylene(TPE)and Poly-TP from o-terphenyl(TP)showed highηvalues of over 47%.Poly-TPE was additionally used as a photothermal filler to remotely and spatially control the shape recovery of thermal-sensitive shape memory polymers(SMPs),while its introduction(1 wt%)had little influence on the thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer matrixes.Owing to their excellent NIR photothermal performance as well as a one-step synthetic preparation,these CMPs may be promising photothermal materials for practical applications.