种植方式与灌水模式对糯玉米生长及产量的影响

Effects of Different Planting Patterns and Irrigation Treatments on the Growth and Grain Yield of Waxy Corn

为探寻种植方式与灌水模式对糯玉米生长及产量的影响,选择试验区域玉米生产中常用的3种种植方式[DM(全膜双垄宽窄行沟播)、C(全膜双垄等行距沟播)、CK(裸地平作)]和两种灌水模式{I_(0)[播种期(75%~85%)θ_(f)、苗期-拔节前期(65%~75%)θ_(f)、拔节后期-孕穗期(70%~80%)θ_(f)、孕穗期-开花期(70%~80%)θ_(f)]和I_(1)[播种期(75%~85%)θ_(f)、拔节后期-孕穗期(75%~85%)θ_(f)]}进行组合,对不同处理下糯玉米的株高、叶面积指数、籽粒产量及水分利用效率差异进行了研究。结果表明:相同灌水水平下,全膜双垄沟播能够使糯玉米的株高、叶面积指数、籽粒产量及水分利用效率显著提高;宽窄行种植对株高的提高作用不明显,对叶面积指数、籽粒产量及水分利用效率提升效果显著;I_(0)与I_(1)相比对糯玉米株高和叶面积指数提高明显,对产量和水分利用效率提升不明显。因此,全膜双垄宽窄行沟播是本研究条件下最适宜糯玉米生长的种植模式。

In order to explore the effects of planting methods and irrigation times on waxy corn growth and yield,the three planting methods commonly used in corn production in the test area are selected[DM(full film double ridge wide and narrow row furrow sowing),C(full film double ridge equal row furrow sowing)and CK(bare field flat crop)]combined with two irrigation modes{I_(0)[sowing time(75%~85%)θ_(f),seedling stage-prophase of jointing(65%~75%)θ_(f),anaphase of jointing-booting stage(70%~80%)θ_(f),booting stage-flowering stage(70%~80%)θ_(f)]and I_(1)[sowing time(75%~85%)θ_(f),anaphase of jointing-booting stage(70%~80%)θ_(f)]}to explore the differences in plant height,leaf area index,grain yield and water use efficiency of waxy corn under different treatments were carried out the study.The results show that under the same irrigation conditions,full-film double-ridge furrow sowing can significantly increase the plant height,leaf area index,grain yield and water use efficiency of waxy maize;wide and narrow rows of planting has no obvious effect on plant height,but on leaf area.The index,grain yield and water use efficiency are significantly improved.Compared with two irrigations,the four irrigations have significantly improved the plant height and leaf area index of waxy corn,but not the yield and water use efficiency.Therefore,full film double ridge wide and narrow row furrow sowing are the most suitable planting mode for waxy corn growth under the conditions of this study.