复发性抑郁障碍患者的认知功能损伤特点及影响因素

Characteristics and influencing factors of cognitive impairment in patients with recurrent depression

目的探讨复发性抑郁障碍患者认知功能损伤的特征,并分析其影响因素。方法39例复发性抑郁障碍患者为观察组,30例健康人为对照组,对2组进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评估和可重复的成套神经心理功能测试(RBANS)。结果观察组在视觉广度中的图形临摹、线条定位得分,注意维度中的编码测验得分和延迟回忆维度中的图形回忆得分比对照组低,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。年龄与即刻记忆、注意、延迟记忆、RBANS总分呈负相关(r=-0.360、-0.420、-0.401、-0.500,P<0.05),受教育年限与即刻记忆、视觉广度、言语功能、注意、延时记忆、RBANS总分呈正相关(r=0.498、0.228、0.335、0.403、0.461、0.556,P<0.05);观察组的发作次数与注意力和RBANS总分呈负相关(r=-0.382、-0.326,P<0.05),总病程与注意、延时记忆和RBANS总分呈负相关(r=-0.388、-0.359、-0.376,P<0.05),HAMD-17总分与言语功能呈负相关(r=-0.307,P<0.05)。结论复发性抑郁障碍患者存在显著的认知功能损害,与年龄、受教育程度、抑郁发作次数、总病程和抑郁程度相关。

Objective To explore the features of cognitive impairments in patients with recurrent depression and analyze its influence factors.Methods Thirty-nine patients with recurrent depressive disorder were included in the observation group,while the control group was 30 healthy individuals.The Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-17)and the repeatable battery of neuropsychological functioning(Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status,RBANS)were administered to two groups.Results The observation group scored lower than the control group in the visual breadth for graphic copying and line localization,in the attention dimension for the coding test,and in the delayed recall dimension for graphic recall(all P<0.05).Age was negatively correlated with immediate memory,attention,delayed memory,and the total score of RBANS(r=-0.360,-0.420,-0.401,-0.500,all P<0.05).The years of education are positively correlated with immediate memory,visual breadth,verbal function,attention,delayed memory,and the total score of RBANS(r=0.498,0.228,0.335,0.403,0.461,0.556,all P<0.05).The number of episodes in the observation group was negatively correlated with attention and the total score of RBANS(r=-0.382,-0.326,all P<0.05).The total course of the disease was inversely related to attention,the delayed memory,and the total score of RBANS(r=-0.388,-0.359,-0.376,P<0.05).Along with a negative correlation between the total score of HAMD-17 and speech function(r=-0.307,P<0.05).Conclusions There was significant cognitive impairment in patients with recurrent depression,which was closely related to the age,level of education,number of depressive episodes,total duration,and degree of depression.