儿童哮喘发病机制中基因与环境相互作用新进展

New advances in the interactions between genes and environment in the pathogenesis of asthma in children

儿童支气管哮喘的发病率及死亡率在全球范围内逐渐升高,遗传因素与环境因素是主要的发病原因,尤其是二者的相互作用起到重要作用;其中表观遗传学就是通过环境因素引起基因突变,基因表达结果又可以子代遗传,是儿童支气管哮喘发病率升高的重要因素。表观遗传学修饰不仅与哮喘的发病率相关,而且还可能会关系到哮喘的控制级别。了解遗传因素与环境因素相互作用特点,尤其是表观遗传学特点,为儿童支气管哮喘的早期诊断以及早期干预提供新思路。

In the global scope,the morbidity and mortality of bronchial asthma in children is increasing.The main causes include both the genetic factors and the environmental factors,especially the interaction between them.Epigenetics brings about the gene mutation through the environmental factors,which can be passed on to the next generation.It is an important factor of the higher incidence of bronchial asthma in children.Epigenetic modification not only affects the prevalence of asthma but may also affect the control level of asthma.Understanding the characteristics of interaction between genetic factors and environmental factors,especially the epigenetic characteristics,can provide new ideas for the early diagnosis and early intervention of childhood bronchial asthma.