道浑与道散:王对庄子内、外世界的调合

Dao Hun and Dao San:Wang Pang’s Harmony with Zhuangzi’s inner and outer World

庄子继承了老子的本原之道,但庄子之"道"具有"唯道集虚"的虚化特点,他在阐释过程中将方内、方外对立,崇尚心灵调和,这造成了对形器世界的排斥。郭象通过"独化于玄冥之境"来调和有待、无待,但导致了本原神秘化的问题。王雱则独立提出"道浑"与"道散"两个概念,以"道"的两种状态使方内、方外两重世界获得一贯性,这是一次具有哲学意义的尝试。以"道"之两种状态为基础,王雱探讨了道在体用关系上的呈现、道之浑的不可具象性、道之散的过程和不同形式。他以"道"在两个世界的一贯性为基础,认为真正的"逍遥"应当是在形体与精神之间游刃有余的逍遥,而非对任何一方的过度追求。

Zhuangzi inherited Lao Tzu’s original way,but Zhuangzi’s "Dao" has the characteristics of "only Taoism and collecting emptiness".In the process of interpretation,he opposes the inside and outside of the square and advocates the harmony of mind,which results in the exclusion of the world of shape.For the first time, Guo Xiang reconciled watiing and no waiting by "transforming himself into the realm of metaphysics",but it led to the problem of original mystification.Wang Pang put forward two concepts of "Dao Hun" and "Dao San" independently.It is an attempt of philosophical significance to make the two worlds inside and outside the square consistent by the two states of "Dao".Based on the two states of "Dao",Wang Pang discussed the presentation of Dao in the relationship between body and function,the non representativeness of Dao,the process and different forms of Dao’s dispersion.Based on the consistency of "Dao" in the two worlds,Wang Pang believes that the real "carefree" should be the carefree between body and spirit,rather than excessive pursuit of either side.