基于土地利用变化的三江平原景观生态风险研究

Landscape Ecological Risk of the Sanjiang Plain Based on Land Use Change

利用ArcGIS 10.2和Fragstats 4.2软件,通过土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局指数和景观风险指数等,分析了2000~2015年三江平原土地利用变化和景观生态风险。结果表明,(1)2000~2015年,三江平原的土地利用类型发生了明显变化,耕地、水体、建设用地面积增加,林地、草地、未利用地面积减少,土地利用效率呈现上升趋势;(2)三江平原的生态风险指数整体上呈现增高趋势,由2000年的0.073增高至2015年的0.075。相关部门应该加强土地资源利用管理和生态安全格局建设。

Using ArcGIS 10.2 and Fragstats 4.2 software,through the land use transfer matrix,landscape pattern index and landscape risk index,the land use change and landscape ecological risk in the Sanjiang Plain from 2000 to 2015 were analyzed.The results show that,(1)from 2000 to 2015,the land use types of the Sanjiang Plain have changed significantly,the area of cultivated land,water bodies,and construction land increased,and the area of woodland,grassland,and undeveloped land decreased,and the land use efficiency showed an upward trend;(2)the ecological risk index of the Sanjiang Plain showed an overall upward trend,from 0.073 in 2000 to 0.075 in 2015.Relevant departments should strengthen land resource utilization management and ecological security pattern construction.